Untreated pain leads to increased sensitivity to subsequent stimuli. You can mark each line at the level of the word itself, or near the plus or minus sign to convey how well the word describes your pain. It was adapted from the faces pain scale to make it possible to score the sensation of pain on the widely accepted 0to10 metric. Three commonly used pain scales, the visual analogue scale, the wongbaker faces pain scale, and the faces pain scale revised were administered to 122 thai children, of whom half were hiv infected, in order to assess their validity. Our objectives were to determine the psychometric properties convergent validity, discriminative validity, responsivity, and reliability of the fpsr and cas, and to determine. The faces pain scalerevised fpsr is a validated scale showing reliability in children, but it has not been validated in children with sickle cell disease scd. The faces pain scalerevised fpsr figure 2 can be scored along the same 0 to 10 metric as the nrs, and has been shown to have the best psychometric properties in schoolaged children 4 to 12 years compared to several other faces scales, including the oucher photographic scale and the wongbaker faces pain scale, as well as the pieces of. The faces pain scalerevised toward a common metric in pediatric pain measurement, pain. Development, initial validation and preliminary investigation for ratio scale properties. Psychometric properties of the noncommunicating childrens pain checklistrevised.
In the second phase, children used the new sixface faces pain scale revised fpsr to rate the intensity of pain from ear piercing. The numeric pain rating scale instructions general information. Download the faces pain scale revised pdf or scroll to the bottom of your screen to see an example. Each face shows more and more pain and the last face shows the worst pain possible. For languages not listed below, please see how to translate the faces pain scale revised. Point to the face that shows how bad your pain is right now. Pediatric pain assessment scales palliative care network. The average of the 3 ratings was used to represent the patients level of pain over the previous 24 hours.
Background neonates and infants do experience pain. Its validity is supported by a strong positive correlation r 0. When the person can no longer report pain, use a valid and reliable pain behavioral assessment tool, such as the. Measuring intensity pain intensity or intensity of other symptoms is commonly used as an outcome measure to track the course of a patients condition while under treatment. Selfreport of pain is defined as the ability to indicate presence andor severity of pain verbally, in writing, or by other means such as finger span, pointing, head movement, or blinking eyes to answer yes or no. Now the scale is used around the world with people ages 3 and older, facilitating communication and improving assessment so pain management can be addressed. It can also be used by other adults who are not familiar with a specific child do not know them well. Each word is placed in the middle of its own line with a plus sign at one end of the line and a minus sign at the other end. The aims of this study were to define the faces pain scalerevised fpsr and color analog scale cas scores associated with no pain, mild pain, moderate pain, and severe pain in children with acute pain, and to identify differences based on age, sex, and ethnicity. Patient diaries and pain scales can capture the course and complications of pain managed at home in children. Unlike the original version, images on the revised scale do not present smiles or tears, but instead, a series of grimaces. Numerous faces scales have been developed for the measurement of pain intensity in children. Faces legs activity cry consolability revised scale flaccr the flaccr scale is used for children older than one year that cannot report their pain.
The wongbaker faces pain rating scale and faces pain scale revised fpsr were both developed to assist. We suggest that you produce multiple photocopies so that you may. Download the faces pain scalerevised pdf or scroll to the bottom of your screen to see an example. A faces pain scale visual analog scale vas 0 2 4 6 8 10 very happy, no hurt hurts just a little bit hurts a little more hurts even more hurts a whole lot hurts as much as you can imagine dont have to be crying to feel this much pain revised 1201 3.
Explain to the person that each face represents a person who has no pain hurt, or some, or a lot of pain. Cognitive testing of an electronic version of the faces. Effective pain assessment is essential during postoperative recovery. The anchors that are verbally described on most pain scales are at the lower end of the scale, representing no pain, and at the upper end of the scale, representing some theoretical maximum. As in the nrs11, participants were asked to identify their most frequent pain in the last 3 months and select the face which best reflected the maximum intensity of this pain. Welcome to the wongbaker faces foundation the official home of the this tool was originally created with children for children to help them communicate about their pain. Assessing pain in neonates and young children requires use of age appropriate scales.
Extensive validation data are published supporting the faces pain scale. The faces pain scale revised fpsr was adapted from the faces pain scale bieri et al, 1990 in order to make it possible to score on the widely accepted 0to10 metric. Toward a common metric in pediatric pain measurement. Instructions and the scoring system of faces pain scale revised. Fpsr is a selfreport measure with six faces showing increasing pain intensity levels from left to right. Blinded data collection was via telephone daily for 2 weeks by a study nurse. Assessment of the face validity of two pain scales in. Pain scales are a common communication tool in medical contexts, and are used in a variety of medical settings. A pain scale measures a patients pain intensity or other features. Validity and reliability assessment of the brazilian. Faces pain scale revised vector images printerfriendly version author. Research suggests to us that the most accurate report of pain is from the person in pain. The nccpcr was designed to be used without training by parents and caregivers carers. The faces pain scale revised fpsr is a selfreport measure of pain intensity developed for children.
Evaluation of the revised faces pain scale, verbal descriptor scale, numeric rating scale, and iowa pain thermometer in older minority adults article in pain management nursing 73. For reproduction of the fpsr in a journal, book, or web page or for any commercial use of the scale, request. A comparison of pain scales in thai children archives of. Children rated the pain 0 to 5 by side using the faces pain scalerevised. This scale uses 12 descriptors, such as faint, strong, intense and, very intense. Pain assessment scales the national initiative on pain control nipc has provided these diagnostic tools to assist you in assessing the severity and quality of pain experienced by your patients. It shows a close linear relationship with visual analog pain scales across the age range 4 through 16 years. Click on the image or right click to open the source website in a. Defining no pain, mild, moderate, and severe pain based on. A pain assessment of infants pain score degree of pain behavioral. The faces pain scalerevised fpsr and color analog scale cas are selfreport pain scales commonly used in children but insufficiently validated in the emergency department setting. Faces pain scales consist of a series of line diagrams of faces with expressions of increasing distress. International association for the study of pain keywords.
The faces pain scale for the selfassessment of the severity of pain experienced by children. Evaluation of the revised faces pain scale, verbal. The faces show how much pain or discomfort someone is feeling. Click on the language below to download the fpsr instructions as a pdf in that language. It remains unclear whether any one of the faces scales is better for a particular purpose with regard to validity, reliability, feasibility, and preference. In fact, research has shown that neonates may experience as much pain as older children and longterm consequences from exposure to repeated painful stimuli. Its validity is supported by a strong positive correlation r0. The faces show more and more pain point to each from. In the second phase, children used the new sixface faces pain scalerevised fpsr to rate the intensity of pain from ear piercing. Use updown arrow keys to increase or decrease volume. During the period from the operation day to the sixth postoperative day, 28 patients with prn analgesics were able to make pain ratings preanalgesics and 30 minutes postanalgesics, with pain intensity scores of 7.
Pain scales are a necessity to assist with better assessment of pain and patient screening. Faces pain scale revised fps r pain intensity rating scale useful for all older adults, including those with mild to moderate cognitive impairment. The faces show more and more pain point to each from left. Pain ratings on faces scales are influenced by whether the lower anchor face is smiling or not 38,39. In the following instructions, say hurt or pain, whichever seems right for a particular child. These images are a random sampling from a bing search on the term faces pain rating scale. Instructions for administering the faces pain scale revised. Faces pain scale revised fps r in the following instructions, say hurt or pain, whichever seems right for a particular child. The purpose of this study was to evaluate comprehension and usability of an electronic modified version of the fps. These scales presented moderate to good correlation and moderate agreement, sufficient for valid use in thai children.
The scale shows a close linear relationship with visual analog pain scales across the age range of 416 years. Validity and reliability assessment of the brazilian version of the faces pain scalerevised claudia l. Microdebrider tonsillotomy vs electrosurgical tonsillectomy. Access to multiple languages on download link faces pain scale pdf. Using pediatric pain scales faces legs activity cry. Once a pain intensity scale is chosen, use the same one each time when assessing pain. The patient is asked to make three pain ratings, corresponding to current, best and worst pain experienced over the past 24 hours. Some older adults will find this tool easy to use, and may prefer it over the numerical rating scale. Pain assessment scales maine developmental disabilities.